6.5 The Electrical Nature of MatterÂ
The Electric model of atoms
Electric current: is the movement of electric charge.
An electric current is a flow of charged particles, such as electrons or ions, moving through an electrical conductor or space. It is defined as the net rate of flow of electric charge through a surface.
The direction of electric current
the current in the external circuit is directed away from the positive terminal and toward the negative terminal of the battery
The meaning of fundamental property
Scientists say that a property is fundamental when it is generally observed but for which search
has failed to yield a useful model.
The effect of distance on electric force
The size of the force varies inversely as the square of the distance between the two charges. Therefore, if the distance between the two charges is doubled, the attraction or repulsion becomes weaker, decreasing to one-fourth of the original value.