The Periodic Table: chemical periodicity

🔬 Chapter 10: Periodicity 🔬

• Structure of the Periodic Table 📊:

  • Elements are arranged in the Periodic Table in order of atomic number.

  • There are 18 groups (vertical columns) and rows across the table are called periods.

  • The recurrence of the same pattern across periods is called periodicity.

  • Electronegativity increases across a period due to increasing positive nuclear charge.

  • The greater the difference in electronegativity between the Period 3 element and oxygen, the more likely the oxide will have ionic bonding.

• Acidic/Basic Nature of Period 3 Oxides 🧪:

  • Sodium oxide (Na2O) and magnesium oxide (MgO) are basic.

  • Aluminum oxide (Al2O3) is amphoteric.

  • Silicon dioxide (SiO2), phosphorus pentoxide (P4O10), and sulfur dioxide (SO2) are acidic.